Floating cities - fantasy or the future？

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Media captionFloating cities - fantasy or the future？

媒体标题浮动城市 - 幻想还是未来？

Floating cities have long seemed like a utopian pipedream based on little more than fantasy.

浮动城市似乎只是一个乌托邦式的白日梦，仅仅基于幻想。

But this week the concept appeared to take a step closer to reality through a UN-backed partnership.

但本周这个概念似乎通过联合国向现实迈进了一步支持伙伴关系。

UN-Habitat, which works on sustainable urban development, will team up with private firm Oceanix, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and The Explorers Club, a professional society that promotes scientific exploration around the world, to further the idea.

致力于可持续城市发展的人居署将与私营公司Oceanix，麻省理工学院（MIT）和探索者俱乐部合作，促进全世界科学探索的专业社会，以推动这一理念。

As climate change advances at an alarming rate and huge numbers of people cram into city slums, “floating cities is one of the possible solutions”, UN-Habitat's executive director, Maimunah Mohd Sharif, says.

随着气候变化以惊人的速度发展，大量人口涌入城市贫民窟，“浮动城市是可能的解决方案之一”，联合国人居署执行主任， Maimunah Mohd Sharif说道。

How would it work？

它将如何运作？

Oceanix City, or the world's first sustainable floating city, would essentially be groups of hexagonal platforms - anchored to the seabed - that could each house around 300 people, effectively creating a community for 10,000 residents.

Oceanix City，或世界上第一个可持续发展的浮动城市，基本上是是一组六角形平台 - 锚定在海床上 - 每个平台可容纳300人左右，有效地为10,000名居民创造了一个社区。

Cages under the city could harvest scallops, kelp, or other forms of seafood.

城市下面的笼子可以收获扇贝，海带，或其他形式的海鲜。

Marc Collins Chen, the chief executive of Oceanix, said the technology to build large floating infrastructure or housing already exists.

Oceanix首席执行官Marc Collins Chen表示，建造大型浮动基础设施或住房的技术已经存在。

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“There are thousands of such houses in the Netherlands and other communities around the world. It is now a question of scale and creating integrated systems and communities.”

“这里有成千上万的这样的房子。荷兰和世界各地的其他社区。现在这是一个规模和创建综合系统和社区的问题。”

Image copyrightOceanixImage copyrightOceanix

图片copyrightOceanixImage copyrightOceanix

Concerns have been raised that floating cities could be perceived as a quick fix to dealing with the dangers of climate change and rising sea levels.

有人担心浮动城市可以被视为应对气候危险的快速解决方案变化和升高的海平面。

“The caution I have is that sometimes people advance futuristic ideas of this sort as a way of saying climate change isn't so bad because if it happens we'll find a way around it,” Michael Gerrard, director of the Sabin Center for Climate Change Law at Columbia University, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation in 2017.

“我所提出的警告是，有时人们推进这种未来主义思想作为一种说明气候变化并不是那么糟糕的方式，因为如果它发生了我们将找到解决办法，”哥伦比亚大学萨宾气候变化法中心主任迈克尔杰拉德在2017年告诉汤森路透基金会。

But Mr Collins Chen said Oceanix was working with a “solid team” of experts in waste management, water engineering, marine regeneration and energy efficiency.

但柯林斯先生陈说，Oceanix正在与废物管理，水利工程，海洋再生和能源效率方面的专家组成“坚实的团队”。

The cities could also be a defence against natural disasters, he said.

这些城市也可以防御自然灾害，他说。

“Floating cities will be located specifically in sites where they will have sufficient water depth to not be impacted by tsunamis,” he said, adding that the platforms could also withstand floods and hurricanes.

“浮动城市将专门定位在水深足以不受海啸影响的地方，”他说，并补充说平台也可以承受洪水和飓风。

Are the plans realistic？

这些计划是否切合实际？

“The main obstacles at this point are psychological and are not technological,” Richard Wiese, president of The Explorers Club, told the BBC.

“此时的主要障碍是心理障碍，不是技术性的，” Richard Wiese，pres英国广播公司告诉英国广播公司，探险家俱乐部的身份。

“People psychologically get nervous at the term 'floating city'. I used this term to my wife, and her immediate response was not technological but rather visceral, she didn't like the idea of something that could drift away.”

“人们在”浮动城市“一词中心理上会感到紧张。我把这个词用在了我的妻子身上，她的直接反应不是技术性的，而是内心的，她不喜欢可能会消失的东西。”

To gain the confidence of the general masses and politicians, Mr Wiese said the creation of small extensions to existing cities could be necessary to start with, picking out Hong Kong, New York or Boston as potential testing grounds.

获得Wiese先生表示，一般群众和政治家的信心可能有必要从现有城市开始小规模扩建，选择香港，纽约或波士顿作为潜在的试验场地。

Beyond housing solutions, Mr Wiese said floating hospitals being towed to disaster areas was another idea being floated.

除了住房解决方案之外，Wiese先生说浮动医院被拖到灾区是另一个想法。

Image copyrightOceanixImage copyrightOceanix

One of the obvious issues facing Oceanix City is that it lacks funding.

其中一个显而易见的Oceanix City面临的问题是缺乏资金。

“[Those] that fund infrastructure tend to be very conservative,” said Steve Lewis, founder of Living PlanIT, a group that focuses on new approaches to urban planning and development.

“那些基金基础设施往往非常保守，”Living PlanIT创始人史蒂夫刘易斯说。关于城市规划和发展的新方法。

“They tend to invest in things they understand well and then you come along and say you're building a town floating on the ocean and they go 'really？'”

“他们倾向于投资于理解得很好，然后你过来说你正在建造一个漂浮在海洋上的小镇而且他们真的去了吗？”

However Mr Lewis, who now focuses on investing in smart cities, pointed to the boom in wind farms over the past 20 years as evidence that attitudes can change.

然而刘先生现在专注于投资聪明的城市，指出过去20年风电场的繁荣是态度可能发生变化的证据。

Although a floating settlement on such a scale would be unprecedented and would throw up plenty of technical challenges, Mr Lewis said the structures would actually be relatively straightforward to put together.

虽然如此规模的浮动定居将是史无前例的，并会引发刘易斯先生表示，这些结构实际上相当简单，因此需要进行大量的技术挑战。

“Proof is in the pudding and we'll see how it actually turns out,” he said.

“证据就在布丁中，我们会看到它实际上是如何形成的，”他说。{/ p>

“But I think we need to push the boundaries of what new life looks like in different environments. Even if it doesn't house 10,000 people, I think communities of a few thousand would benefit.”

“但我认为我们需要突破新生活在不同环境中的界限。即使它不容纳10,000人，我认为几千人的社区也会受益。”

Image copyrightOceanix

图片copyrightOceanix

Mr Wiese of The Explorers Club said that selling the idea to investors and the public need not be a “doomsday bunker scenario”.

Mr探险者俱乐部的Wiese表示，向投资者和公众出售这个想法不一定是“世界末日地堡情景”。

“We need to demonstrate that it is an enjoyable, sustainable and economic advancement that will apply to all portions of the population and not just wealthy enclaves,” he said.

“我们需要证明这是一个令人愉快的，可持续的和经济发展将适用于所有人口而不仅仅是富裕的飞地，”他说。

“If you look at Apollo 11, you have to remember that there were many small steps to create a moon launch,” he added.

如果你看看阿波罗11号，你必须记住他补充道。许多小步骤可以创造月球发射。

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