No data
简体中文
繁體中文
English
Pусский
日本語
ภาษาไทย
Tiếng Việt
Bahasa Indonesia
Español
हिन्दी
Filippiiniläinen
Français
Deutsch
Português
Türkçe
한국어
العربية
Do you want to know which is the better broker between au Kabucom Securities and LIGHT FX ?
In the table below, you can compare the features of au Kabucom Securities , LIGHT FX side by side to determine the best fit for your needs.
--
--
--
--
You can determine the reliability and credibility of a broker by checking four factors:
1.Forex broker introduction。
2.Are the transaction costs and expenses of kabu, lightfx lower?
3.Which broker is safer?
4.Which broker provides better trading platform?
Based on these four factors, we can compare which is reliable. We have broken down the reasons as follows:
Registered Country/Area | Japan |
Founded Year | 1999 |
Company Name | au Kabucom Securities |
Regulation | FSA |
Minimum Deposit | N/A |
Maximum Leverage | N/A |
Spreads | From 0.2 pips |
Trading Platforms | au Kabucom FX Navi (for forex trading), au Kabucom FX for iPhone/Android (mobile app) |
Tradable Assets | Cash stock, Margin trading, petit stock, US stocks, Mutual fund, NISA, FX, CFDs, and futures |
Account Types | Not mentioned |
Customer Support | Email and Phone |
Payment Methods | Net transfer, Account transfer, Direct debit (automatic debit), Direct debit (real-time fund transfer), Direct debit (automatic debit from other financial institutions) |
Educational Tools | Informative movies, events, face-to-face seminars, Investment Information Office, investment guides and courses, reports, and social networking services (SNS) |
au Kabucom Securities is an online brokerage company and is the core company of Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG Group)s online financial services. It is a Japan-based company mainly engaged in financial product trading business through the net, as well as related business. The Company is engaged in the provision of brokerage, trading, offering and sale of securities. It also provides bank agency business, foreign exchange margin trading business and other financial services.
Founded in 1999, it operates under the regulation of the Financial Services Agency (FSA). The company offers a diverse range of tradable assets, including stocks, margin transactions, IPO/PO, ETF/ETN/REIT, free ETF, petit shares, tender offer, investment trust, FX (Forex Margin Trading), futures/options trading, bonds (foreign bonds), foreign currency-denominated MMF, and CFD (Share 365). The trading platforms provided by au Kabucom Securities are au Kabucom FX Navi for forex trading and au Kabucom FX for iPhone/Android as a mobile app. The company supports customer inquiries through email and phone. Various payment methods, such as net transfer, account transfer, direct debit (automatic debit), direct debit (real-time fund transfer), and direct debit (automatic debit from other financial institutions) are available. For educational purposes, au Kabucom Securities offers informative movies, events, face-to-face seminars, an Investment Information Office, investment guides and courses, reports, and social networking services (SNS).
au Kabucom Securities is a financial institution that operates as a securities broker in Japan. It is authorized and regulated by the Financial Services Agency (FSA), which is the regulatory body responsible for overseeing the financial industry in Japan. The regulatory license number assigned to au Kabucom Securities is 関東財務局長(金商)第61号, which signifies its registration and compliance with the FSA's regulations.Being authorized and regulated by the FSA indicates that au Kabucom Securities has met the necessary requirements and standards set by the regulatory authority.
The FSA's oversight ensures that the company operates in a fair, transparent, and compliant manner, protecting the interests of investors and maintaining the integrity of the financial markets.As a regulated entity, au Kabucom Securities is expected to adhere to various regulatory guidelines, such as conducting thorough customer due diligence, implementing robust risk management systems, maintaining adequate financial resources, and providing transparent disclosure of information to its clients. Regular audits and inspections may be conducted by the FSA to ensure compliance with these regulations and to safeguard the interests of investors.
au Kabucom Securities offers a wide range of tradable assets and is backed by the reputable Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group. It is regulated by the Financial Services Agency, providing a sense of security for investors. The company provides informative educational resources to enhance investors' understanding of the market.
However, there are areas for improvement. Information about account types is lacking, making it difficult for potential clients to choose the most suitable option. The selection of trading platforms is limited, which may not meet the preferences of all traders. Customer support options are somewhat limited, with email and phone support available, but lacking additional channels like live chat or dedicated account managers.
Pros | Cons |
Wide range of tradable assets | Lack of information on account types |
Established company with a reputable parent company | Limited trading platforms |
Regulated by FSA | Limited customer support options |
Informative educational resources |
au Kabucom Securities offers a wide range of products to cater to different investment needs and preferences. Here are the various products available:
1. Stocks: au Kabucom Securities provides opportunities to invest in stocks, including in-kind stocks where you can directly own shares of companies.
2. Margin Transaction (System/General): Margin trading allows investors to trade stocks with borrowed funds, potentially amplifying their investment returns. au Kabucom Securities offers margin trading services through both system-based and general methods.
3. Initial Public Offering (IPO)/Public Offering Sale (PO): au Kabucom Securities enables participation in initial public offerings and public offering sales, giving investors a chance to invest in newly listed companies.
4. ETF/ETN/REIT: au Kabucom Securities offers exchange-traded funds (ETFs), exchange-traded notes (ETNs), and real estate investment trusts (REITs) for diversifying investment portfolios across different asset classes.
5. Free ETF (Commission-Free Exchange Traded Fund): au Kabucom Securities provides commission-free trading for certain listed ETFs, allowing investors to save on transaction costs.
6. Petit Shares (Shares Less Than One Unit): au Kabucom Securities facilitates trading of fractional shares, enabling investors to own a portion of a share rather than purchasing a full unit.
7. Tender Offer (TOB): au Kabucom Securities allows investors to participate in tender offers, which are offers made by a company to purchase shares from existing shareholders.
8. Investment Trust: au Kabucom Securities offers investment trust products, which are professionally managed funds that pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of assets.
9. FX (Forex Margin Trading): Investors can engage in forex margin trading through au Kabucom Securities, speculating on the price movements of different currency pairs.
10. Futures/Options Trading: au Kabucom Securities provides access to futures and options trading, allowing investors to trade contracts based on underlying assets such as commodities, indices, or currencies.
11. Bonds (Foreign Bonds): au Kabucom Securities offers the opportunity to invest in foreign bonds, providing diversification and potential fixed-income returns.
12. Foreign Currency Denominated MMF: au Kabucom Securities facilitates investments in foreign currency-denominated money market funds, which provide short-term liquidity and potential currency exposure.
13. CFD (Share 365): au Kabucom Securities offers contracts for difference (CFDs) specifically for shares, allowing investors to speculate on the price movements of shares without owning the underlying asset.
au Kabucom Securities did not say what kind of accounts were offered. Other traders, such as AMarkets, are much better, which offer a total of 4 account types, including crypto, fixed, standard, and ECN, with an Islamic account option for traders who adhere to Islamic rules on trading, catering to diverse needs of various traders.
To open an account with au Kabucom Securities, you can follow these general steps:
1. Visit the au Kabucom Securities website: Go to https://kabu.com/.
2. Navigate to the account opening section: Look for the “Account Opening” option on the website. It is typically located in the main menu or prominently displayed on the homepage.
3. Choose the type of account: Select the appropriate account type for your requirements.
4. Start the application process: You may be directed to an online application form or prompted to download and fill out a physical application form. Provide the necessary details accurately and completely. This typically includes personal information, contact details, employment information, and financial information. Follow the instructions provided and ensure all required fields are filled in.
5. Agree to terms and conditions: Read and understand the terms and conditions of opening an account with au Kabucom Securities. If you agree to the terms, confirm your acceptance by checking the appropriate box or signing the physical application form.
6. Review and submit: Before submitting your application, review all the provided information to ensure its accuracy. Make any necessary corrections or adjustments. Once you are satisfied, submit the application form through the online submission process or by mailing it to the designated address.
7. Account verification and approval: After submitting your application, au Kabucom Securities will review your information and documents. Once your application is approved, you will receive confirmation and instructions on how to fund your account.
au Kabucom Securities offers commission-free forex trading, where the trading cost is incorporated into the spreads. Here are the approximate spreads for some currency pairs:
- USD/JPY: As low as 0.2 pips
- EUR/JPY: From 0.5 pips
- GBP/JPY: From 1 pip
- AUD/JPY: From 0.6 pips
- CAD/JPY: From 2.8 pips
It's important to note that spreads may vary depending on market conditions, liquidity, and other factors. The figures provided are approximate and subject to change. It's always a good idea to check the current spreads on the au Kabucom Securities website or contact their customer support for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
au Kabucom Securities provides a range of useful tools for different types of trading activities. For cash stock and margin trading, the following tools are available:
1. Futures/Options Board: A tool that displays information and data related to futures and options trading, allowing users to analyze market trends and make informed trading decisions.
2. Flash: This tool provides real-time market data, including stock prices, charts, and news updates, enabling traders to stay up to date with the latest market movements.
3. Margin Simulator: A simulator that allows users to calculate and simulate margin requirements for margin trading, helping traders plan their positions and manage risk.
4. Destination OP Navigation: A navigation tool specifically designed for options trading, providing users with access to various options strategies and information to support their trading decisions.
5. Bond Simulator: This simulator enables users to simulate bond trading scenarios, helping them understand bond market dynamics and test different investment strategies.
6. 365CFD Simple Chart: A simplified charting tool specifically for CFD (Contract for Difference) trading, providing basic charting features to analyze CFD instruments and monitor price movements.
For futures, options trading, and other activities, au Kabucom Securities offers additional tools such as:
1. au Kabucom FX Navi: A comprehensive tool for forex trading, providing access to real-time forex market data, charting tools, and trading functions.
2. au Kabucom FX for iPhone/Android: A mobile application specifically designed for forex trading, offering convenience and flexibility to trade on the go using smartphones.
3. App-Recommended-Smartphone Light (simplified version): A simplified version of the au Kabucom Securities trading application, designed for users who prefer a streamlined and user-friendly trading experience.
Au Kabucom Securities provides customers with five convenient methods for depositing funds into their accounts. These methods include Net transfer, Account transfer, Direct debit (automatic debit), Direct debit (real-time fund transfer), and Direct debit (automatic debit from other financial institutions). These options offer flexibility and ease of use for customers to deposit funds according to their preferences and convenience.
When it comes to withdrawals, customers can withdraw amounts starting from 1,000 yen or more in 1 yen increments, with a maximum withdrawal limit of up to 10 billion yen. However, if customers have set up an account transfer contract with au Jibun Bank, they can withdraw amounts starting from 1 yen or more in 1 yen increments, with a maximum withdrawal limit of up to 100 million yen.
These deposit and withdrawal options provide customers with flexibility and accessibility to manage their funds effectively within the specified limits. Whether it's depositing funds for trading or withdrawing profits, Au Kabucom Securities strives to offer convenient and efficient services to meet the financial needs of their customers.
Inquire by email:
au Kabucom Securities offers several customer support options. For customers who do not have an account, they can make inquiries by email. The company aims to respond as quickly as possible and requests customers to send their inquiries to the following email address: cs@kabu.com.
Customers who have an account:
For customers who have already opened an account with au Kabucom Securities, they can use the “E-mail inquiry” form located on the “Support” page, accessible from the top right of the My Page section after logging in. By filling out the form and submitting it, they can send their inquiries to the company.
Inquire by phone:
Customers who do not have an account can make inquiries by phone. They need to follow the voice guidance and press the appropriate number. The phone numbers to dial are:
- Mobile/IP phone starting with 0120-390-390
- Mobile/IP phone starting with 05003-6688-8888
The operator reception is available from 8:00 to 16:00 on weekdays, excluding year-end and New Year holidays.
Au Kabucom Securities offers a range of educational resources to support and empower their customers in making informed investment decisions. These resources are designed to enhance customers' understanding of the market, investment strategies, and industry trends.
One of the educational resources provided is a collection of informative movies, events, and face-to-face seminars. Au Kabucom Securities also provides investment information and news through their Investment Information Office. By keeping customers informed about market trends, they can make more informed decisions about their investment portfolios.
To further support customers, Au Kabucom Securities offers guides and investment courses. These resources are designed to provide step-by-step instructions, explanations of investment concepts, and practical guidance for customers who are new to investing or looking to expand their investment knowledge.
Additionally, customers can access reports and utilize social networking services (SNS) provided by Au Kabucom Securities.
Overall, Au Kabucom Securities' educational resources encompass a wide range of tools and platforms, including movies, events, seminars, an Investment Information Office, investment guides and courses, reports, and SNS. These resources aim to equip customers with the knowledge and information needed to make informed investment decisions and navigate the financial markets effectively.
In conclusion, au Kabucom Securities is a legitimate online brokerage company operating under the regulation of the Financial Services Agency (FSA) in Japan. As part of the Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG Group), it offers a wide range of tradable assets and financial services. The company provides various trading products, including stocks, margin trading, IPO/PO participation, ETFs/ETNs/REITs, investment trusts, forex margin trading, futures/options trading, bonds, foreign currency-denominated MMFs, and CFDs. The trading platforms, au Kabucom FX Navi and au Kabucom FX for iPhone/Android, cater to different trading needs. The company supports customer inquiries through email and phone, and multiple payment methods are available. Educational resources such as informative movies, events, seminars, investment guides and courses, reports, and SNS are offered to enhance customers' investment knowledge. While the company's advantages include its regulation by the FSA, diverse product offerings, and educational resources, a notable disadvantage is the lack of information regarding specific account types. Overall, au Kabucom Securities provides a legitimate and comprehensive platform for individuals interested in online financial trading and investment.
Q: Is au Kabucom Securities a legitimate company?
A: au Kabucom Securities is a genuine online brokerage company operating under the regulation of the Financial Services Agency (FSA) in Japan.
Q: What trading platforms does au Kabucom Securities offer?
A: au Kabucom Securities provides the au Kabucom FX Navi platform for forex trading and the au Kabucom FX for iPhone/Android as a mobile app for trading convenience.
Q: What types of assets can be traded on au Kabucom Securities?
A: au Kabucom Securities offers a diverse range of tradable assets, including cash stock, margin trading, petit stock, US stocks, mutual funds, NISA, forex (FX), CFDs, and futures.
Q: What are the customer support options provided by au Kabucom Securities?
A: au Kabucom Securities offers customer support via email and phone. Customers can send inquiries by email to cs@kabu.com or make inquiries by phone using the provided phone numbers.
Q: What are the available payment methods for au Kabucom Securities?
A: au Kabucom Securities offers payment methods including net transfer, account transfer, direct debit (automatic debit), direct debit (real-time fund transfer), and direct debit (automatic debit from other financial institutions).
Q: Are there different account types offered by au Kabucom Securities?
A: The specific account types offered by au Kabucom Securities are not mentioned.
Company Name | Light FX |
Registered In | Japan |
Regulation Status | Regulated by the Financial Service Agency of Japan |
Years of Establishment | 15-20 years |
Trading Instruments | Around 20 currency pairs including major pairs |
Account Types | Not specified |
Minimum Initial Deposit | No minimum deposit requirement |
Maximum Leverage | Up to 1:25 |
Trading Platform | LIGHT FX app, Advanced Trader, Simple Trader |
Deposit and Withdrawal | Direct deposit, wire transfer from bank counters or ATMs |
Customer Service | Telephone support and contact form |
Light FX, a Japan-based forex broker, boasts a solid regulatory foundation as it operates under the supervision of the Financial Service Agency of Japan. With a track record spanning 15-20 years, Light FX offers traders access to around 20 currency pairs, including major ones, facilitating diverse trading opportunities. While specific account types remain unspecified, the broker stands out with its welcoming no minimum deposit requirement.
Leverage of up to 1:25 is available, albeit with due consideration of risk. Light FX provides traders with a choice of trading platforms, including the LIGHT FX app, Advanced Trader, and Simple Trader. Funding options encompass direct deposit and wire transfers from bank counters or ATMs, ensuring flexibility.
Given its regulation by the Financial Service Agency of Japan, LIGHT FX appears to be a legitimate and trustworthy broker.
Regulatory oversight is a fundamental factor in the forex industry, ensuring that traders' interests are protected, and trading practices adhere to industry standards. Nonetheless, it's always wise for traders to conduct their own due diligence and verify the broker's credentials.
Pros | Cons |
Regulatory Authorization | Limited Account Information |
Competitive Spreads | Weekend Support Absence |
Fee-Free Trading | Educational Resource Clarity |
Flexible Trading Platforms | |
Diverse Market Instruments |
Pros:
Regulatory Authorization: Light FX is regulated by the Financial Service Agency of Japan, providing traders with confidence in the broker's legitimacy and adherence to regulatory standards.
Competitive Spreads: The broker offers competitive spreads on major currency pairs, making it cost-effective for traders to engage in forex trading.
Fee-Free Trading: Light FX operates on a fee-free trading model, meaning traders can execute trades without incurring additional commission costs.
Flexible Trading Platforms: The broker provides a variety of trading platforms, including the LIGHT FX app, catering to traders of all experience levels. The inclusion of the “Trading View” tool enhances analysis capabilities.
Diverse Market Instruments: Light FX offers a selection of around 20 currency pairs, including major and minor pairs, allowing traders to diversify their trading portfolios.
Cons:
Limited Account Information: The available information does not provide details about the specific account types offered by Light FX. Traders may need to visit the official website or contact customer support for account-related details.
Weekend Support Absence: Customer support is not available on weekends, which may be inconvenient for traders who prefer weekend trading or have urgent inquiries during that time.
Educational Resource Clarity: While Light FX offers various educational resources and market information, the provided information lacks specific details about the educational materials available, requiring traders to seek further clarification.
Light FX offers traders access to around 20 currency pairs, encompassing both major and minor pairs.
This selection includes popular choices such as EUR/USD, USD/JPY, GBP/JPY, AUDJPY, and EURJPY, allowing traders to engage in a diverse range of forex trading opportunities.
Unfortunately, the available information does not provide details about the specific account types offered by Light FX. To gain a better understanding of the account options, it is recommended to visit the broker's official website or contact their customer support.
Different account types often come with varying features and benefits, catering to the diverse needs of traders, from beginners to advanced.
While the provided information does not outline the exact process for opening an account with Light FX, the standard procedure for most forex brokers typically involves the following steps:
Registration: Visit the broker's website and initiate the account registration process. You will be required to provide personal information and create login credentials.
Verification: Complete identity verification by submitting the necessary documents, which usually include a valid ID, proof of address, and possibly financial information.
Deposit: Fund your trading account with the minimum required deposit or your chosen amount through the provided deposit methods.
Platform Access: After your account is verified and funded, you can access the trading platforms offered by Light FX and start trading.
Light FX offers competitive features related to leverage and spreads, which play a crucial role in the cost structure of trading:
Light FX provides leverage up to 1:25 for forex trading, in accordance with Japanese regulatory guidelines. Leverage allows traders to amplify their positions with a relatively smaller capital investment. However, it's important to note that higher leverage also involves increased risk, and traders should use it cautiously.
Spreads: The broker offers competitive spreads on major currency pairs. For instance, spreads for popular pairs like EUR/USD can be as low as 0.3 pips, while USD/JPY may have spreads as tight as 0.2 pips. GBP/JPY, AUD/JPY, and EUR/JPY also feature competitive spreads at 0.9 pips, 0.6 pips, and 0.4 pips, respectively. It's worth noting that spreads can vary depending on market conditions.
Commissions: The information provided does not mention any commission fees, suggesting that Light FX operates on a fee-free trading model. This can be advantageous for traders, as it means that you can execute trades without incurring additional commission costs.
Currency Pair | Spread (in pips) | Commission |
EUR/USD | 0.3 | None |
USD/JPY | 0.2 | None |
GBP/JPY | 0.9 | None |
AUD/JPY | 0.6 | None |
EUR/JPY | 0.4 | None |
Light FX offers a diverse range of trading platforms to cater to traders of all levels. The LIGHT FX app is a highly flexible and accessible platform with a user-friendly interface, making it suitable for traders on the go. It integrates the powerful “Trading View” tool for stress-free trade analysis, features intuitive navigation, and offers one-tap order placement. Traders can even execute chart orders while analyzing market data, ensuring a seamless and sophisticated trading experience.
For more experienced traders, the Advanced Trader platform provides extensive customization options. It also incorporates the “Trading View” tool for comprehensive chart analysis, allowing traders to arrange the trading screen to their liking and access abundant customization features. With a wealth of information tools and advanced chart analysis functions, Advanced Trader empowers traders to create a personalized trading environment that suits their unique needs.
In the case of direct deposit, Light FX offers traders a convenient and efficient way to fund their trading accounts. The 24-hour real-time reflection ensures that deposited funds are available for trading almost immediately, making it ideal for traders who want to seize opportunities in the forex market promptly. The fact that Light FX covers all transfer fees for deposits through this method further adds to its appeal, as it minimizes costs for traders.
For those who prefer wire transfers from bank counters or ATMs, Light FX accommodates this option as well. While this method incurs transfer fees, it offers an alternative for traders who may not have access to internet banking or prefer in-person transactions. The creation of a customer-specific margin deposit account for wire transfers streamlines the process, ensuring that the funds are directed to the appropriate trading account.
Light FX offers customer support through multiple channels to assist traders with their queries and concerns:
Telephone Support: Traders can reach the customer support team by phone at 0120 637 105. Support is available every day from 7:00 AM to 10:00 PM, excluding Saturdays and Sundays.
Contact Form: For written inquiries or support requests, traders can use the contact form provided on the broker's website. This offers a convenient way to seek assistance or information.
The availability of telephone support during extended hours on weekdays is a positive feature, ensuring that traders have access to assistance when they need it most. However, the absence of support on weekends may be a limitation for some traders who prefer weekend trading or have urgent inquiries during that time.
Light FX provides a comprehensive suite of educational resources and market information to empower traders. Their offerings include real-time exchange rates for all currency pairs, crypto asset rates, and exchange charts, allowing traders to stay up to date with market movements.
The economic indicators calendar aids in tracking important events, while the swap calendar helps traders understand swap points for currency pairs. The buy/sell ratio for LIGHT FX customers, currency strength/weakness through heatmaps, and TM sign for USD/JPY predictions using text mining technology offer valuable insights.
Traders can also utilize margin simulations, effective leverage calculations, and swap simulations to manage their risk and plan their trades effectively. Additionally, Light FX provides information on corporate account leverage and total customer swap receipts, enhancing traders' market awareness.
In conclusion, Light FX is a Japan-based forex broker that operates under the regulatory authority of the Financial Service Agency of Japan. It offers a range of currency pairs for trading and provides flexibility in deposit methods. While the broker offers competitive spreads and leverage options, there is limited information available regarding account types and educational resources.
Traders interested in Light FX should consider conducting further research and verifying specific details on the broker's official website. As with any financial endeavor, it's essential to trade responsibly and be aware of the potential risks associated with forex trading.
Q: Is Light FX a regulated forex broker?
A: Yes, Light FX is regulated by the Financial Service Agency of Japan, ensuring it meets regulatory standards.
Q: What currency pairs can I trade on Light FX?
A: Light FX offers approximately 20 currency pairs, including major pairs like EUR/USD, USD/JPY, and GBP/JPY.
Q: Does Light FX charge commissions for trading?
A: No, Light FX operates on a fee-free trading model, meaning there are no commission fees for trading.
Q: What is the maximum leverage offered by Light FX?
A: Light FX offers leverage up to 1:25 for forex trading, in compliance with Japanese regulations.
Q: How can I deposit funds into my Light FX trading account?
A: You can deposit funds through direct deposit or wire transfer from bank counters or ATMs, with direct deposit offering real-time reflection.
Q: What trading platforms does Light FX provide?
A: Light FX offers a range of trading platforms, including the LIGHT FX app, Advanced Trader, and Simple Trader, catering to traders of all levels.
Q: Are there educational resources available for traders on Light FX?
A: Yes, Light FX provides educational resources such as real-time market information, economic indicators calendars, and margin simulations to support traders in making informed decisions.
To compare transaction costs across different brokers, our experts analyze the transaction-specific fees (such as spreads) and non-trading fees (such as inactivity fees and payment costs).
To get a comprehensive understanding of how cheap or expensive kabu and lightfx are, we first considered common fees for standard accounts. On kabu, the average spread for the EUR/USD currency pair is -- pips, while on lightfx the spread is --.
To determine the safety of our top brokers, our experts will consider many factors. This includes which licenses the broker holds and the credibility of these licenses. We also consider the history of brokers, because long-term brokers are usually more reliable and trustworthy than new brokers.
kabu is regulated by FSA. lightfx is regulated by FSA.
When our experts review brokers, they will open their own accounts and trade through the broker's trading platform. This enables them to comprehensively evaluate the quality, ease of use, and function of the platform.
kabu provides trading platform including -- and trading variety including --. lightfx provides trading platform including -- and trading variety including --.